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An IoT system that monitors and controls greenhouse environmental conditions using sensors for temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and light. The system automates irrigation and ventilation while providing a real-time dashboard accessible via web and mobile.
Problem Statement
Greenhouse farming requires constant monitoring of environmental parameters for optimal crop growth. Manual monitoring is labor-intensive, error-prone, and not feasible 24/7. Sudden temperature spikes or moisture drops can devastate crops before a farmer notices. An automated IoT monitoring and control system can ensure optimal growing conditions round the clock.
Objectives
Design a sensor network using ESP32 microcontrollers
Implement real-time data collection and cloud storage
Build automated control logic for irrigation and ventilation
Create a web and mobile dashboard for remote monitoring
Implement alert notifications for critical conditions
Modules
Sensor Network
ESP32 nodes with DHT22 (temperature/humidity), soil moisture, LDR (light), and CO2 sensors.
Data Pipeline
MQTT protocol for sensor data transmission to cloud, with Firebase for real-time storage.
Control System
Rule-based automation: trigger irrigation when soil moisture drops, activate fans when temperature exceeds threshold.
Web Dashboard
Real-time charts showing sensor readings, historical data analysis, and manual control overrides.
Alert System
SMS and push notifications when sensor values exceed safe ranges or equipment malfunctions.
Expected Output
A working prototype with sensors collecting real-time greenhouse data, automatic irrigation and ventilation control, and a responsive dashboard showing live and historical environmental data. The system sends alerts via SMS when conditions become critical and allows remote manual control of actuators.
Future Scope
Machine learning for predictive climate control, drone integration for aerial crop inspection, solar power for off-grid operation, multi-greenhouse management from a single dashboard, and marketplace integration for selling produce directly from the platform.